@article{526ce2f5298a4094bcf2503ffc55479d,
title = "Comparison of PM-HIP to forged SA508 pressure vessel steel under high-dose neutron irradiation",
abstract = "Powder metallurgy with hot isostatic pressing (PM-HIP) is an advanced manufacturing process that is envisioned to replace forging for heavy nuclear components, including the reactor pressure vessel (RPV). But PM-HIP products must at least demonstrate comparable irradiation tolerance than forgings in order to be qualified for nuclear applications. The objective of this study is to directly compare PM-HIP to forged SA508 Grade 3 Class 1 low-alloy RPV steel at two neutron irradiation conditions: ∼0.5–1.0 displacements per atom (dpa) at ∼270 °C and ∼370 °C. PM-HIP SA508 experiences greater irradiation hardening and embrittlement (total elongation) than forged SA508. However, uniform elongation and approximate toughness are comparable across all irradiated materials, suggesting irradiated PM-HIP SA508 exhibits superior ductility at maximum load-bearing capacity. The irradiation hardening mechanism is linked to composition rather than fabrication method. Since PM-HIP SA508 has higher Mn and Ni concentration, it is more susceptible to irradiation-induced nucleation of Mn-Ni-Si-P (MNSP) nanoprecipitates and dislocation loops, which both contribute to hardening. Conversely, the forged material nucleates fewer MNSPs, causing dislocation loops to control irradiation hardening. These results show promise for the irradiation performance of PM-HIP SA508 and can motivate future nuclear code qualification of PM-HIP fabrication for RPVs.",
keywords = "Irradiation effects, Low alloy steel, Neutron irradiation, PM-HIP, Powder metallurgy",
author = "Wen Jiang and Yangyang Zhao and Yu Lu and Yaqiao Wu and David Frazer and Guillen, {Donna P.} and Gandy, {David W.} and Wharry, {Janelle P.}",
note = "Funding Information: The authors thank Jeremy Burgener, Megha Dubey, and the staff at the Center for Advanced Energy Studies (CAES) for their assistance with microscopy and specimen handling; Dr. Benjamin Sutton at the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) for material procurement; Katie Anderson, Katelyn Baird, and Collin Knight assistance with irradiations, specimen handling, shipping, hot cell testing, and project management; Jasmyne Emerson, Sukanya Majumder, and Dr. Maria Okuniewski of Purdue University for their assistance with SEM image quantification. Funding support for this project was provided by EPRI. Irradiation experiments and post-irradiation examination were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy – Office of Nuclear Energy, through the Nuclear Science User Facilities (NSUF) contract 15-8242. Funding Information: The authors thank Jeremy Burgener, Megha Dubey, and the staff at the Center for Advanced Energy Studies (CAES) for their assistance with microscopy and specimen handling; Dr. Benjamin Sutton at the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) for material procurement; Katie Anderson, Katelyn Baird, and Collin Knight at Idaho National Laboratory (INL) for their assistance with irradiations, specimen handling, shipping, hot cell testing, and project management; and Jasmyne Emerson, Sukanya Majumder, and Dr. Maria Okuniewski of Purdue University for their assistance with SEM image quantification. Funding support for this project was provided by EPRI. Irradiation experiments and post-irradiation examination were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy – Office of Nuclear Energy, through the Nuclear Science User Facilities (NSUF) contract 15-8242. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 The Author(s)",
year = "2024",
month = mar,
day = "16",
doi = "10.1016/j.jnucmat.2024.155018",
language = "English",
volume = "594",
journal = "Journal of Nuclear Materials",
issn = "0022-3115",
}