Steam-chemical reactivity for irradiated beryllium

R. A. Anderl; K. A. McCarthy; M. A. Oates; D. A. Petti; R. J. Pawelko; G. R. Smolik

doi:10.1016/S0022-3115(98)00255-4

Steam-chemical reactivity for irradiated beryllium

R. A. Anderl
, K. A. McCarthy
, M. A. Oates
, D. A. Petti
, R. J. Pawelko
, G. R. Smolik

Nuclear Science & Technology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

37 Scopus citations

Abstract

This paper reports experimental results concerning the influence of neutron irradiation effects and annealing on the chemical reactivity of beryllium exposed to steam. The work entailed: (1) measurements of swelling, porosity and specific surface area for irradiated Be annealed at temperatures ranging from 700°C to 1200°C and (2) measurements of hydrogen generation rates for unirradiated Be, irradiated Be and irradiated-annealed Be exposed to steam at elevated temperatures. For irradiated Be, volumetric swelling increased from 14% at a 700°C anneal to about 56% at a 1200°C anneal. Gas-release measurements during annealing indicated the development of a surface-connected porosity network. Specific surface areas for irradiated-annealed Be increased with the anneal temperature. Steam-chemical reactivity was similar for irradiated and unirradiated Be at temperatures between 450°C and 600°C. For irradiated Be exposed to steam at 700°C, the reactivity accelerated rapidly and the specimen experienced a temperature excursion. Irradiated-annealed Be showed enhanced chemical reactivity related to its higher specific surface area.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	750-756
Number of pages	7
Journal	Journal of Nuclear Materials
Volume	258-263
Issue number	PART 1 A
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3115(98)00255-4
State	Published - Oct 1998

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@article{30b6f71a60c74007a5895121fe112122,

title = "Steam-chemical reactivity for irradiated beryllium",

abstract = "This paper reports experimental results concerning the influence of neutron irradiation effects and annealing on the chemical reactivity of beryllium exposed to steam. The work entailed: (1) measurements of swelling, porosity and specific surface area for irradiated Be annealed at temperatures ranging from 700°C to 1200°C and (2) measurements of hydrogen generation rates for unirradiated Be, irradiated Be and irradiated-annealed Be exposed to steam at elevated temperatures. For irradiated Be, volumetric swelling increased from 14\% at a 700°C anneal to about 56\% at a 1200°C anneal. Gas-release measurements during annealing indicated the development of a surface-connected porosity network. Specific surface areas for irradiated-annealed Be increased with the anneal temperature. Steam-chemical reactivity was similar for irradiated and unirradiated Be at temperatures between 450°C and 600°C. For irradiated Be exposed to steam at 700°C, the reactivity accelerated rapidly and the specimen experienced a temperature excursion. Irradiated-annealed Be showed enhanced chemical reactivity related to its higher specific surface area.",

author = "Anderl, \{R. A.\} and McCarthy, \{K. A.\} and Oates, \{M. A.\} and Petti, \{D. A.\} and Pawelko, \{R. J.\} and Smolik, \{G. R.\}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Director of Energy Research, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, under DOE Contract DE-AC07-94ID13223. This report is an account of work assigned to the US Home Team under Task Agreement No. S 81 TT 14 within the Agreement among the European Atomic Energy Community, the Government of Japan, the Government of the Russian Federation, and the Government of the United States of America on Cooperation in the Engineering Design Activities for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (“ITER EDA Agreement”) under the auspices of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). The report has not been reviewed by the ITER Publications Office. ",

year = "1998",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1016/S0022-3115(98)00255-4",

language = "English",

volume = "258-263",

pages = "750--756",

journal = "Journal of Nuclear Materials",

issn = "0022-3115",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

number = "PART 1 A",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Steam-chemical reactivity for irradiated beryllium

AU - Anderl, R. A.

AU - McCarthy, K. A.

AU - Oates, M. A.

AU - Petti, D. A.

AU - Pawelko, R. J.

AU - Smolik, G. R.

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Director of Energy Research, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, under DOE Contract DE-AC07-94ID13223. This report is an account of work assigned to the US Home Team under Task Agreement No. S 81 TT 14 within the Agreement among the European Atomic Energy Community, the Government of Japan, the Government of the Russian Federation, and the Government of the United States of America on Cooperation in the Engineering Design Activities for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (“ITER EDA Agreement”) under the auspices of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). The report has not been reviewed by the ITER Publications Office.

PY - 1998/10

Y1 - 1998/10

N2 - This paper reports experimental results concerning the influence of neutron irradiation effects and annealing on the chemical reactivity of beryllium exposed to steam. The work entailed: (1) measurements of swelling, porosity and specific surface area for irradiated Be annealed at temperatures ranging from 700°C to 1200°C and (2) measurements of hydrogen generation rates for unirradiated Be, irradiated Be and irradiated-annealed Be exposed to steam at elevated temperatures. For irradiated Be, volumetric swelling increased from 14% at a 700°C anneal to about 56% at a 1200°C anneal. Gas-release measurements during annealing indicated the development of a surface-connected porosity network. Specific surface areas for irradiated-annealed Be increased with the anneal temperature. Steam-chemical reactivity was similar for irradiated and unirradiated Be at temperatures between 450°C and 600°C. For irradiated Be exposed to steam at 700°C, the reactivity accelerated rapidly and the specimen experienced a temperature excursion. Irradiated-annealed Be showed enhanced chemical reactivity related to its higher specific surface area.

AB - This paper reports experimental results concerning the influence of neutron irradiation effects and annealing on the chemical reactivity of beryllium exposed to steam. The work entailed: (1) measurements of swelling, porosity and specific surface area for irradiated Be annealed at temperatures ranging from 700°C to 1200°C and (2) measurements of hydrogen generation rates for unirradiated Be, irradiated Be and irradiated-annealed Be exposed to steam at elevated temperatures. For irradiated Be, volumetric swelling increased from 14% at a 700°C anneal to about 56% at a 1200°C anneal. Gas-release measurements during annealing indicated the development of a surface-connected porosity network. Specific surface areas for irradiated-annealed Be increased with the anneal temperature. Steam-chemical reactivity was similar for irradiated and unirradiated Be at temperatures between 450°C and 600°C. For irradiated Be exposed to steam at 700°C, the reactivity accelerated rapidly and the specimen experienced a temperature excursion. Irradiated-annealed Be showed enhanced chemical reactivity related to its higher specific surface area.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/0032181785

U2 - 10.1016/S0022-3115(98)00255-4

DO - 10.1016/S0022-3115(98)00255-4

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:0032181785

SN - 0022-3115

VL - 258-263

SP - 750

EP - 756

JO - Journal of Nuclear Materials

JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials

IS - PART 1 A

ER -

Steam-chemical reactivity for irradiated beryllium

Abstract

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