@inproceedings{66f1259ec8b045068610ad8baecccc4a,
title = "LCOH estimated from existing geothermal district heating systems in the U.S.",
abstract = "Levelized cost of heat for geothermal district heating systems in the US was calculated from reported construction and operation costs obtained from a literature review. These costs were inflation adjusted to 2016 dollars. To obtain geothermal district heating levelized cost of heat, capital costs were amortized over 30 years with an interest rate of 4\%. These results suggest that the levelized cost of heat produced in these systems is on the order of \$35,750 per gigawatt hr (thermal). Expressed in more common units, the levelized cost of geothermal district heat is \$36/MWh (∼\$10.5/MMBtu). This cost is reflective of state-of-the-art systems at the time of installation and does not account for recent technology advances such as combine heating/cooling systems and storage systems.",
keywords = "Direct use, Geothermal, Geothermal district heating, Ghd, Lcoh, Levelized cost of heat",
author = "Mattson, \{Earl D.\} and Ghanashyam Neupane",
note = "Funding Information: Twenty one geothermal district heating (GDH) systems are currently operating in 8 states in the United States (Thorsteinsson, 2008). The earliest system to utilized geothermal water was the Boise Warm Spring system which began to use hot water to heat homes in 1892. This system has evolved over the years to become one of the biggest GDH in the United States with the current system servicing 275 connections. However, in comparison to GDH systems in Europe, United States GDH geothermal systems are fairly small with most servicing less than 10 buildings. Most of these GDH systems (>70\%) were constructed in the 1980s due in part to financial assistance of the Department of Energy{\textquoteright}s (DOE) Geothermal Technology Office (GTO). For GDH systems that accepted this financial assistance, construction and operating costs were report as part of the funding assistance agreement. Funding Information: This work was supported by funding by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Geothermal Technologies Office of the U.S. Department of Energy under the U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC07-05ID14517 with the Idaho National Laboratory.; Geothermal Resources Council 41st Annual Meeting - Geothermal Energy: Power To Do More, GRC 2017 ; Conference date: 01-10-2017 Through 04-10-2017",
year = "2017",
language = "English",
series = "Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council",
publisher = "Geothermal Resources Council",
pages = "171--179",
booktitle = "Geothermal Energy",
}