Impact of temperature variations on BISON predictions of Ag release in AGR-1 and AGR-2 experiments

Understanding and quantifying the release of fission products like silver (Ag) from TRistructural ISOtropic (TRISO) fuel particles is important to assess the safe operation of advanced high temperature reactors. Although the silicon carbide (SiC) layer of TRISO particles is effective as the main fission product barrier, Ag can be released from intact TRISO particles. A mechanistic model for the effective Ag diffusivity, Deff, was previously developed as a function of temperature and microstructure variables informed by atomistic modeling of Ag diffusivity. In this study, we use this model to explore how experimental temperature uncertainties impact the overall predicted Ag release. This analysis indicates that calculated temperature uncertainties have a significant impact on the overall Ag release predictions. Furthermore, we show that the time average volume average (TAVA) temperature is not an appropriate proxy for the detailed temperature histories to predict fission product release due to the Arrhenius dependence of Ag diffusivity with respect to temperature. The detailed temperature histories, therefore, provide the most accurate results and are of most importance for modeling efforts. Overall, this work shows the importance of considering the experimental uncertainty of the temperature on computational predictions of fission product transport and release and the need for more accurate temperature histories from future experiments.