Evaluation and screening of nuclear fuel cycle options

The ongoing Evaluation and Screening (E&S) of fuel cycle options within the U.S. DOE Fuel Cycle Technologies Program Office is discussed. The E&S will provide information that could be used in setting long-term research and development priorities by identifying options that have the potential for substantial improvements in several areas relative to the once-through fuel cycle using light water reactors. The current study is an evaluation of fuel cycles rather than of specific fuel cycle technologies, the intent being to avoid consideration of specific technology options, and to focus instead on the functions and requirements of the technologies that enable a fuel cycle system. Presented are the approach and process developed for conducting the E&S, including the criteria and metrics to be used for evaluating and comparing nuclear fuel cycle options, the supporting analysis, the engagement of external groups, and the external review of the effort. In addition to providing a structured basis for making future decisions for funding of R&D activities, the results of the study will be useful as a basis for subsequent studies investigating the issues that may arise in transitioning from today's infrastructure to an alternative fuel cycle option, including deployment issues and introduction costs.