Essential aspects of controlling the oxygen content of molten tin in engineering applications

Alan Michael Bolind; Aditya Prahlad Shivprasad; David Frazer; Peter Hosemann

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2013.04.096

Essential aspects of controlling the oxygen content of molten tin in engineering applications

Alan Michael Bolind
, Aditya Prahlad Shivprasad
, David Frazer
, Peter Hosemann

Materials and Fuels Complex

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

10 Scopus citations

Abstract

This work investigated issues regarding the control of the dissolved oxygen content of molten tin in engineering applications. It has been shown that the oxygen content of liquid tin can be adequately monitored with commercial, off-the-shelf, ultra-high-impedance electrometers and ceramic oxygen sensors, requiring only minor modifications for use in a liquid metal environment. Hydrogen and argon gases were used to modify and maintain the oxygen content. It was found that the oxygen can be removed from the tin successfully only above about 600. °C in reasonable time, as would be expected from thermodynamics and kinetics. Several scenarios of various ways to handle the tin were investigated, to determine the extent to which one must go in order to maintain a desired oxygen content in molten tin. The electromotive-force and diffusion-coefficient measurements agree reasonably well with the values published in the scientific literature and indicate the range of error to be expected in engineering applications.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	168-178
Number of pages	11
Journal	Materials and Design
Volume	52
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2013.04.096
State	Published - Dec 2013

Keywords

Liquid metal
Oxygen control
Oxygen sensor
Tin

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10.1016/j.matdes.2013.04.096

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@article{592130fc663543b1aaa2e0f614901dce,

title = "Essential aspects of controlling the oxygen content of molten tin in engineering applications",

abstract = "This work investigated issues regarding the control of the dissolved oxygen content of molten tin in engineering applications. It has been shown that the oxygen content of liquid tin can be adequately monitored with commercial, off-the-shelf, ultra-high-impedance electrometers and ceramic oxygen sensors, requiring only minor modifications for use in a liquid metal environment. Hydrogen and argon gases were used to modify and maintain the oxygen content. It was found that the oxygen can be removed from the tin successfully only above about 600. °C in reasonable time, as would be expected from thermodynamics and kinetics. Several scenarios of various ways to handle the tin were investigated, to determine the extent to which one must go in order to maintain a desired oxygen content in molten tin. The electromotive-force and diffusion-coefficient measurements agree reasonably well with the values published in the scientific literature and indicate the range of error to be expected in engineering applications.",

keywords = "Liquid metal, Oxygen control, Oxygen sensor, Tin",

author = "Bolind, \{Alan Michael\} and Shivprasad, \{Aditya Prahlad\} and David Frazer and Peter Hosemann",

note = "Funding Information: The authors thank Dr. Allen Johnson for providing assistance with the equipment used in this experiment. They also thank the NRC for providing funding for this work, through NRC faculty development Grant Number NRC-38-09-948. This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-EE0005941. ",

year = "2013",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1016/j.matdes.2013.04.096",

language = "English",

volume = "52",

pages = "168--178",

journal = "Materials and Design",

issn = "0264-1275",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Essential aspects of controlling the oxygen content of molten tin in engineering applications

AU - Bolind, Alan Michael

AU - Shivprasad, Aditya Prahlad

AU - Frazer, David

AU - Hosemann, Peter

N1 - Funding Information: The authors thank Dr. Allen Johnson for providing assistance with the equipment used in this experiment. They also thank the NRC for providing funding for this work, through NRC faculty development Grant Number NRC-38-09-948. This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-EE0005941.

PY - 2013/12

Y1 - 2013/12

N2 - This work investigated issues regarding the control of the dissolved oxygen content of molten tin in engineering applications. It has been shown that the oxygen content of liquid tin can be adequately monitored with commercial, off-the-shelf, ultra-high-impedance electrometers and ceramic oxygen sensors, requiring only minor modifications for use in a liquid metal environment. Hydrogen and argon gases were used to modify and maintain the oxygen content. It was found that the oxygen can be removed from the tin successfully only above about 600. °C in reasonable time, as would be expected from thermodynamics and kinetics. Several scenarios of various ways to handle the tin were investigated, to determine the extent to which one must go in order to maintain a desired oxygen content in molten tin. The electromotive-force and diffusion-coefficient measurements agree reasonably well with the values published in the scientific literature and indicate the range of error to be expected in engineering applications.

AB - This work investigated issues regarding the control of the dissolved oxygen content of molten tin in engineering applications. It has been shown that the oxygen content of liquid tin can be adequately monitored with commercial, off-the-shelf, ultra-high-impedance electrometers and ceramic oxygen sensors, requiring only minor modifications for use in a liquid metal environment. Hydrogen and argon gases were used to modify and maintain the oxygen content. It was found that the oxygen can be removed from the tin successfully only above about 600. °C in reasonable time, as would be expected from thermodynamics and kinetics. Several scenarios of various ways to handle the tin were investigated, to determine the extent to which one must go in order to maintain a desired oxygen content in molten tin. The electromotive-force and diffusion-coefficient measurements agree reasonably well with the values published in the scientific literature and indicate the range of error to be expected in engineering applications.

KW - Liquid metal

KW - Oxygen control

KW - Oxygen sensor

KW - Tin

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84879242230

U2 - 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.04.096

DO - 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.04.096

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:84879242230

SN - 0264-1275

VL - 52

SP - 168

EP - 178

JO - Materials and Design

JF - Materials and Design

ER -

Essential aspects of controlling the oxygen content of molten tin in engineering applications

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Keywords

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